HAT Manifesto Part 1/3 - Rubric Cube - 250803 edit

 

Mostly summarized from Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Economics, 5th Ed.

PART 6 The Economics of Labor Markets

Chapter 20 of 36 Income Inequality and Poverty

Section 4 of 20

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Figure 1 - Inequality around the World

This figure shows a measure of inequality

· the income (or expenditure) that goes to the richest 10% of the population

· divided by the income (or expenditure) that goes to the poorest 10%

Among these nations

· Japan and Germany have the most equal distribution

· South Africa and Brazil have the least equal distribution

Table A shows GDP per capita estimates.

…

Countries collect income data in different ways, including

· on individual incomes

· on family incomes

· on expenditure rather than income

So, whenever data shows an income difference between two countries we can never be sure whether it reflects an accurate measure of income differences or just a difference in data collection.

…

Figure 1 shows a comparison of inequality in twelve countries.

The inequality measure is the ratio

· of the income received by the richest tenth of the population

· to the income of the poorest tenth

The most equality is found in Japan, the top tenth receives 4.5 times more income than the bottom tenth.

The least equality is found in Brazil, the top tenth receives 51.3 times more income than the bottom tenth.

The USA is in the middle, the top tenth receives 15.9 more income than the bottom tenth.

… …

top tenth percent and bottom tenth percent

Jōi jū pāsento to kai jū pāsento

上位十パーセントと下位十パーセント