Wednesday
Mostly summarized from Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Economics, 5th Ed. PART 8 The Data22 of Macroeconomics Chapter 24 of 36 Measuring The Cost of Living Section 6 of 15 The consumer price index (CPI) is used for measuring changes in the cost of living. The CPI determines how much incomes must rise to maintain a constant standard of living. Three problems with calculating the CPI are -1- substitution bias -2- introduction of new goods bias -3- unmeasured quality change bias … -1- Substitution Bias When prices change each year they all do not change proportionately, some prices rise more than others. Consumers respond to these unequal price changes by · buying less of the goods whose prices have risen · buying more of the goods whose prices have risen less or fallen If a price index is computed assuming a fixed basket of goods, it · ignores consumer substitution · overstates the yearly cost of living increase … Consider a situation of a basket of apples and pears, Table A. In th...