Mostly summarized from Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Economics, 5th Ed.
PART 5 Firm Behavior and the Organization of Industry
Chapter 14 of 36 - Firms In Competitive Markets
Section 16 of 22
Figure 6 - Short-Run Market Supply
In the short run, the number of firms in the market is fixed.
As a result the market supply curve, panel (b) reflects the individual firms' marginal-cost curves of panel (a).
Here, in a market of 1,000 firms the quantity of output supplied to the market
is 1,000 times the quantity of 100 supplied by each firm.
Table 2 and Figure 4 from Chapter 13 attached for reference review of marginal cost components.
There are two market supply curve cases to consider
· short-run situation: a market with a fixed number of firms
· long-run situation: a market where the number of firms change as firms exit and enter the market
Over short periods of time it is difficult for firms to quickly enter and exit a market, so the assumption is there are a fixed number of firms.
Over long periods of time the number of firms adjust to changing market conditions.
… …
long time period and short time period
nagai kikan to mijikai kikan
長い期間と短い期間

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